Herbal Medicine Essay Example for Free

Herbal Medicine Essay Anything that exists on the earth has a need for survival. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), herbal medicines refers to health practices, approaches, knowledge and beliefs incorporating plant, animal and mineral based medicines, spiritual therapies, manual techniques and exercises, applied singularly or in combination to treat, diagnose and prevent illnesses or to maintain well-being. Different types of herbal medicines are widely applied in Asia, Africa, and Latin America to meet primary health-care needs. Herbal medicines have maintained its popularity in most regions of the developing world. The application is also rapidly spreading in industrialized countries. Worldwide, among all the different traditional medicine systems, Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is currently the most popular, followed by Indian medicine. Herbal medicine refers to using a plants seeds, berries, roots, leaves, bark, or flowers for medicinal purposes. Herbalism has a long tradition of use outside of conventional medicine. It is also called botanical medicine or phytomedicine. It is becoming more main stream as improvements in analysis and quality control along with advances in clinical research show the value of herbal medicine in the treating and preventing disease. Herbal medicine is used to treat many conditions, such as asthma, eczema, premenstrual syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, migraine, menopausal symptoms, chronic fatigue, irritable bowel syndrome, and cancer, among others. Herbal supplements are best taken under the guidance of a trained health care provider. Recently, the World Health Organization estimated that 80% of people worldwide rely on herbal medicines for some part of their primary health care. In Germany, about 600 700 plant based medicines are available and are prescribed by some 70% of German physicians. In the past 20 years in the United States, public dissatisfaction with the cost of prescription medications, combined with an interest in returning to natural or organic remedies, has led to an increase in herbal medicine use. Whenever a culture attempts to assimilate alien ideas, social stresses are bound to occur, especially when such ideas threaten the dominion of major economic and political interests. Mistakes are likely to arise while attempting to implement these ideas. In the case of Chinese herbal knowledge, its use by people unfamiliar with its rules and protocols invariably leads to mishaps; either the herbs or formulas fail to work as expected, or worse, side effects may result whenever herbs are used in contraindicated conditions. In the political and economic realms, government regulators unfamiliar with the unique characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine may impose restrictions upon Chinese herbal practice that inhibit its effective application and suffocate its future development within our culture. The effectiveness of modern herbal practice suggests that we begin our search by understanding the complete meaning of herbalism. Herbs are grown and collected from all over the world. There is nothing magical about an herb; effective medicinal herbs can be found everywhere that plants grow. There is indeed a necessity in making life better by introducing natural herbal dietary supplements in the country. Within the past decade, herbal medicine has gained increasing importance, with both medical and economic implications. In developing countries particularly, as much as 80percent of the indigenous population still depends on traditional systems of medicine and medicinal plants for healthcare. Some common herbs and their uses are discussed below. * Ginkgo (Ginkgo biloba) has been used in traditional medicine to treat circulatory disorders and enhance memory. Although not all studies agree, ginkgo may be especially effective in treating dementia (including Alzheimers disease) and intermittent claudication (poor circulation in the legs). * Kava kava (Piper methysticum) is said to elevate mood, enhance well-being and contentment, and produce a feeling of relaxation. Several studies have found that kava may be useful in the treatment of anxiety, insomnia, and related nervous disorders. * Saw palmetto (Serenoa repens) is used by more than 2 million men in the United States for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), a non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate gland. A number of studies suggest that the herb is effective for treating symptoms, including frequent urination, having trouble starting or maintaining urination, and needing to urinate during the night. * Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) is a popular alternative to commonly prescribed medications for sleep problems because it is considered to be both safe and gentle. * Echinacea preparations (from Echinacea purpurea and other Echinacea species) may improve the bodys natural immunity. Echinacea is one of the most commonly used herbal products, but studies are mixed as to whether it can help prevent or treat colds. We chose to have a research study on this topic because I think this can be a way of spreading awareness among people that there can be cheaper way of treating from upset stomachs to headaches. They are also considered natural and therefore healthier and gentler than conventional drugs. So, why is there need to spend so much on expensive drugs uselessly when there is a better option.

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Dec 16 (Reuters) - The U.S. government's gathering of Americans' phone records is likely unlawful, a judge ruled on Monday, raising "serious doubts" about the value of the National Security Agency's so-called metadata counterterrorism program. "I cannot imagine a more 'indiscriminate' and 'arbitrary invasion' than this systematic and high-tech collection and retention of personal data on virtually every single citizen," U.S. District Judge Richard Leon, appointed by Republican President George W. Bush in 2002, wrote in a 68-page ruling. The U.S. Department of Justice said it was reviewing the ruling in a case brought by Larry Klayman, a conservative lawyer, and Charles Strange, described in court documents as the father of a cryptologist technician for the NSA who was killed in Afghanistan in 2011. The judge ordered the government to stop collecting data about the two plaintiffs, who were Verizon Communications Inc customers. Verizon declined comment. "We believe the program is constitutional as previous judges have found," Department of Justice spokesman Andrew Ames said in a statement. Leon suspended enforcement of his injunction against the program "in light of the significant national security interests at stake in this case and the novelty of the constitutional issues" pending an expected appeal by the government. A U.S. official said an appeal was likely. Leon expressed skepticism of the program's value, writing that the government could not cite a single instance in which the bulk data actually stopped an imminent attack. "I have serious doubts about the efficacy of the metadata collection program as a means of conducting time-sensitive investigations in cases involving imminent threats of terrorism," he wrote. That ... ... Glenn Greenwald, a former columnist for The Guardian who wrote about the metadata collection program based on documents leaked to him by Snowden, praised the court ruling. "This is a huge vindication for Edward Snowden and our reporting. Snowden came forward precisely because he knew that the NSA was secretly violating the constitutional rights of his fellow citizens, and a federal court ruled today that this is exactly what has been happening," Greenwald said in an email. A committee of experts appointed by the Obama Administration to review NSA activities is expected to recommend that the spy agency give up collection of masses of metadata and instead require telephone companies to hold onto it so it can be searched. But intelligence officials and the phone companies themselves are said to oppose such a plan. found in nature, for example peptide nucleic acids.

Musical Instruments Classification Essay

All musical instruments can be divided into four major classes: aerophones, chordophones, electrophones and percussion. The biggest and the most versatile class is aerophones which can be further subdivided into free aerophones and pipe aerophones. On the next level free aerophones fall into those with free reed and with beating reed. Beating reed aerophones are represented by single reed (organ pipes) and double reed (human voice) instruments. Free reed instruments in their turn split into those with framed and unframed reed. Each of these two groups is then subdivided according to the way they are played. Unframed reed aerophones can be wind-blown (bull-roarer, Aeolian harp), mouth-blown(leaf instrument), or mouth-blown-and-plucked (Jew’s harp) while frames reed instruments are mechanically-blown(barrel organ, orchestrion), foot-blown (harmonium, pedal concertina), hand-blown (bayan, accordion), and mouth-blown (harmonica, khaem). The pipe subclass splits into brass, reed pipe and edge pipe aerophones. Each of them is further divided into two subclasses: brass aerophones into those with (trumpet, French horn) and without (didgeridoo, trombone) valves; reed pipe into single reeds (clarinet, saxophone) and double reeds (oboe, bassoon); edge subclass into whistle flutes (whistle) and tree flutes (flute, piccolo). The second largest major class of musical instruments is percussion instruments which fall into membranophones and idiophones. Membranophones are subdivided into those with determinate pitch and with indeterminate pitch. Both of them are then classified by the type of impact: struck (roto drums, snare and bass drum), rubbed (friction drum), and blown (kazoo). Idiophones split into pitched and unpitched and then also include struck (triangle, bell, castanets), rubbed (glass harmonica), plucked (kalimba), and shaken (jingles) percussion insruments. Chordophones have only three primary subclasses: bowed chordophones (violin, cello), plucked chordophones (guitar, banjo), and struck chordophones (piano). The last class of electrophones includes electric/acoustic (electric guitar, bass etc) and electronic insrtruments. Electronic ones then split into electromagnetic (electric organ, synthesizer) and digital (MIDI keyboard, MIDI guitar).

Olin College of Engineering Admissions Statistics

Olin College of Engineering is a private undergraduate engineering college with an acceptance rate of 16%. Located in Needham, Massachusetts, the Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering welcomed its first class of students in 2002. Olin has a project-based, student-centered curriculum. The college has just over 300 students in total and a 7-to-1  student/faculty ratio. All enrolled students receive the Olin Tuition Scholarship which provides a guaranteed merit scholarship valued at half the annual tuition for four years. Considering applying to Olin College of Engineering? Here are the admissions statistics you should know, including average SAT/ACT scores and GPAs of admitted students. Acceptance Rate During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, Olin College of Engineering had an acceptance rate of 16%. This means that for every 100 students who applied, 16 students were admitted, making Olins admissions process highly competitive. Admissions Statistics (2017-18) Number of Applicants 878 Percent Admitted 16% Percent Admitted Who Enrolled (Yield) 61% SAT Scores and Requirements Olin College requires that all applicants submit either SAT or ACT scores. During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, 58% of admitted students submitted SAT scores. SAT Range (Admitted Students) Section 25th Percentile 75th Percentile ERW 710 760 Math 750 790 ERW=Evidence-Based Reading and Writing Section This admissions data tells us that most of Olins admitted students fall within the top 7% nationally on the SAT. On the evidence-based reading and writing section, 50% of students admitted to Olin College scored between 710 and 760, while 25% scored below 710 and 25% scored above 760. On the math section, 50% of admitted student scored between 750 and 790, while 25% scored below 750 and 25% scored above 790. Applicants with a composite SAT score of 1550 or higher will have particularly competitive chances at Olin College of Engineering. Requirements Olin College of Engineering does not require the SAT writing section. Note that Olin participates in the scorechoice program, which means that the admissions office will consider your highest score from each individual section across all SAT test dates. At Olin, SAT Subject tests are optional. ACT Scores and Requirements Olin College requires that all applicants submit either SAT or ACT scores. During the 2017-18 admissions cycle, 56% of admitted students submitted ACT scores. ACT Range (Admitted Students) Section 25th Percentile 75th Percentile English 33 35 Math 34 35 Composite 34 35 This admissions data tells us that most of Olin Colleges admitted students fall within the top 1% nationally on the ACT. The middle 50% of students admitted to Olin received a composite ACT score between 34 and 35, while 25% scored above 35 and 25% scored below 34. Requirements Olin College does not require the ACT writing section. Unlike many universities, Olin superscores ACT results; your highest subscores from multiple ACT sittings will be considered. GPA In 2018, the mean unweighted high school GPA of Olin College of Engineerings incoming class was 3.9, and over 75% had average GPAs of 3.75 and above. These results suggest that most successful applicants to Olin College have primarily A grades. Self-Reported GPA/SAT/ACT Graph Olin College of Engineering Applicants Self-Reported GPA/SAT/ACT Graph. Data courtesy of Cappex The admissions data in the graph is self-reported by applicants to Olin College of Engineering. GPAs are unweighted. Find out how you compare to accepted students, see the real-time graph, and calculate your chances of getting in  with a free Cappex account. Admissions Chances Franklin W. Olin College of Engineering has a highly competitive admissions pool with a low acceptance rate and high average SAT/ACT scores. However, Olin College has a  holistic admissions process involving other factors beyond your grades and test scores. A  strong application essay and glowing letters of recommendation can strengthen your application, as can participation in meaningful extracurricular activities and a rigorous course schedule. In addition to the standard application, Olin requires selected applicants to attend Candidates Weekend. Those invited will participate in a group exercise and individual interview, as well as learn more about Olin and the school community. Participation in Candidates Weekend is mandatory and is part of Olin Colleges admission process. Students with particularly compelling stories or achievements can still receive serious consideration even if their grades and test scores are outside Olins average range. In the graph above, the blue and green dots represent accepted students, and you can see that most students who were accepted to Olin College had A averages, SAT scores (ERWM) above 1400, and ACT composite scores of 32 or better. Similar Schools to Olin If you like Olin College, you might also like these schools: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCornell UniversityPrinceton UniversityTufts UniversityDartmouth CollegeRochester Institute of TechnologyDuke UniversityCal PolyGeorgia Institute of TechnologyStanford University All admissions data has been sourced from the National Center for Education Statistics and Olin College of Engineering Undergraduate Admissions Office.